In vitro fertilization (IVF)

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In vitro fertilization (IVF)

In vitro fertilization (IVF) involves harvesting eggs, inseminating them with sperm, and implanting the resulting embryos into a woman’s uterus to achieve pregnancy. The process includes the following steps:

Women undergoing IVF receive daily injections of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which causes the ovaries to recruit additional follicles. Patients also may be administered drugs to prevent ovulation, so that the eggs can be retrieved instead of being released. Patients are monitored frequently during this time, and medications are adjusted as necessary to prevent serious side effects.
When the follicles are mature, human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is injected, and the patient is scheduled for a procedure called transvaginal, ultrasound-guided egg retrieval. This outpatient procedure is performed using a small needle under conscious sedation. In most cases, patients feel only minor discomfort.
The retrieved eggs are prepared, along with a semen sample from the partner. Fertilization can be done in one of two ways. In most cases, the semen is introduced into culture dishes containing the eggs. However, if the doctor determines that the chance of fertilization is low, a single sperm may be injected directly into each egg. This is called intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
The fertilized eggs are placed into incubators for about three days while the embryologist and physician monitor their development. Once they determine that the embryos are ready, the patient will be scheduled for embryo transfer. The embryo is transferred directly into the uterus using a small, thin tube called a catheter.

Why choose UAB Medicine

UAB Medicine’s Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility is staffed by nationally recognized physicians with years of experience in diagnosing and treating all types of infertility. We use a team approach that includes a reproductive endocrinologist, a urologist, genetic counselors, specialized nurses, and laboratory scientists.

A range of fertility treatments are available, including a type of surgery known as corrective microsurgery. For conditions that cannot be treated, procedures such as intrauterine insemination or in vitro fertilization (IVF) may be used to help achieve pregnancy.

Our fertility experts will determine a treatment plan that is best suited for each individual patient. As a major center for research, UAB Medicine continues to study advances in fertility treatment that can increase the chances of having a baby for an individual or a couple.