Thoracic outlet syndrome

Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a condition that can happen when nerves or blood vessels between the collarbone and the first rib become compressed. This compression can affect nerve function or blood flow and may cause symptoms in the neck, shoulder, arm, or hand.

TOS symptoms vary from person to person, but common symptoms include:

• Pain in the neck, shoulder, or arm
• Tingling or numbness in the hand or fingers
• Arm fatigue or a heavy sensation
• Weakness in grip strength

When blood vessels are involved, symptoms may include swelling, discoloration, or a cold sensation in the arm or hand. This type is known as vascular TOS.

Why choose UAB Medicine

UAB Medicine Orthopaedics (Orthopedics) provides care for patients with TOS. Treatment options are based on the type of TOS and the patient’s symptoms.

Many patients are treated with non‑surgical approaches, which may include:

• Physical therapy
• Posture and activity modification
• Pain and inflammation management
• Techniques to improve nerve and soft tissue mobility
• Botox injections

When non‑surgical treatment is not enough, procedures may be considered to relieve pressure on the affected nerves or blood vessels.

Specialized, team‑based care

Our specialists have advanced training in conditions affecting any part of the arms. These physicians work closely with certified hand therapists and other rehabilitation experts to support patients during treatment and recovery.

Depending on the case, care for TOS may include:

• Post‑operative rehabilitation
• Strength and motion retraining
• Scar and pain management
• Personalized home exercise programs

To make an appointment or learn more, please call UAB Medicine Orthopaedics (Orthopedics) at 205‑930‑8339 or visit uabmedicine.org/orthopaedics.

Care Providers

Related Specialties

• Orthopaedics (Orthopedics)